Adenomyosis is a condition in which the inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) breaks through the muscle wall of the uterus (the myometrium). Adenomyosis can cause menstrual cramps, lower abdominal pressure, and bloating before menstrual periods and can result in heavy periods. The condition can be located throughout the entire uterus or localized in one spot.

Though it is considered a benign (not life-threatening) condition, the frequent pain and heavy bleeding associated with it can have a negative impact on a woman’s quality of life.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?

While some women diagnosed with adenomyosis have no symptoms, the disease can cause:

• Heavy, prolonged menstrual bleeding
• Severe menstrual cramps
• Abdominal pressure and bloating

WHO GETS ADENOMYOSIS?

It is a common condition. It is most often diagnosed in middle-aged women and women who have had children. Some studies also suggest that women who have had prior uterine surgery may be at risk for adenomyosis.

DOES ADENOMYOSIS CAUSE INFERTILITY?

Because many women who have adenomyosis also have endometriosis, it is difficult to tell precisely what role adenomyosis may play in fertility problems. However, some studies have shown that it may contribute to infertility.